Hematology

Hematology is that arm of medicine that deals with blood, blood forming organs and diseases of the blood, while hemostaseology deals with blood coagulation disorders.

The white and red blood cells, as well as platelets, play an extremely important role in the health of our body.  Any change in the quantity of any one of these, be it more or less, may disturb the proper function of our body. The number of several types of cells may grow or decrease at any one time. Moreover, there are also diseases where the blood makeup may be entirely or almost normal, and yet, their functional capacity damaged (i.e., the body’s immune system or oxygenation is inadequate).

Countless blood disorders have been discovered during routine CBC (complete blood count) laboratory tests. The increased size and disorders of the lymph nodes and of the spleen may indicate a blood disorder. Often, the abnormalities found in the blood do not necessarily indicate damage to the bone marrow, but are symptoms of other disorders. Such are most of anemias, but it could also be infection, autoimmune disorder or even a condition that does not require treatment. Included in hematology are the various types of anemias, leukemia, lymphomas and the problems connected with coagulation (increased coagulation or bleeding).

In addition to the physical examination for hematological disorders, laboratory tests include the latest and very specific tests. In some instances, bone marrow or lymph node cytology or tissue tests are necessary. Other examinations may also be required such as a gastroenterological examination, ultrasound and CT or MRI.